Establishment of Gypsophila paniculata root culture for biomass, saponin, and flavonoid production

Baby’s breath (Gypsophila paniculata L.) roots are valuable as pharmaceuticals due to the content of triterpenoid saponins and other bioactive phytochemicals. However, long root harvest period fluctuation these constituent’s among constraints traditional agricultural production. The present study shows an efficient reliable liquid culture G. cv. ‘Perfecta’ established in a shake flask system using different auxins, media, sugars. Hairy (HR) induction through Rhizobium rhizogenes-mediated transformation was also investigated. α-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) optimized for adventitious (AR) biomass, saponin, flavonoid production at 1 or 2 mg/L compared IBA. Full strength Gamborg’s medium (B5) recorded higher saponin content; however, highest yield total flavonoids achieved by full Murashige Skoog's (MS) medium. Sucrose more essential growth accumulated rather than fructose glucose. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis showed that HR carried rolC gene R. rhizogenes A4 strain its genome but not virD2 gene. Compared non-transformed root, leaf stem-derived 2.7 2.3-fold, while 2.1 2.0-fold, respectively. DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity extracts non-transgenic roots. This protocol cultures sustainable important natural flavonoids.